Holding apparatus with piston through which pressure fluid is passed



NOV. 1948- w. P. couslNo HOLDING APPARATUS WITH PISTON THROUGH WHICH PRESSURE FLUID IS PASSED Original Filed Dec. 30, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. jl/alz er P'Cauaa'zgw.

Nov. 16, 1948. w cousmo 2,453,785

- HOLDING APPARATUS wITH PISTON THROUGH WHICH PRESSURE FLUID IS PASSED 30, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Dec.

INVENTOR. Malia)" FC'azzo-zna Nov. 16, 1948. w. P. COUSINO 2,453,785v

- HOLDING APPARATUS WITH PISTON THROUGH gw Wal 822 2 4 3 220. am

Patented Nov. 16, 1948 HOLDING APPARATUS wrrn PISTON rnaouon wmcn ranssuaa rum) IS PASSED Walter P. Consino, Detroit, Mich., assignor to Chrysler Corporation, Highland Park, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Continuation of application Serial No. 516,194,

December 30, 1943. This application October. 18, 1946, Serial No. 703,959

, 15 Claims. (01. (so-54.5)

1 This application is a continuation of application Serial No. 516,194, filed December 30, 1943, now abandoned. This invention relates to fluid pressure means for holding parts. More specifically it relates to fluid-pressure means for mov- 5 thereof. After the completion of a molding oping a certain part into assembled relation with eration the object formed must be removed from another part, and holding with force the certain the mold, and this requires the disassembling of part in assembled relation with the other part. the mold suflicient to permit removal of the ob- H The invention is applied advantageously to the ,iect, This m y be accomplished y oving away holding of mold parts adapted to receive thermo- 0f the mold part that was originally m v into plastic or thermosetting materi l assembled relation with the remainder of the A mold for materials setting under changes i mold. temperature and/or pressure normally comprises Still an ther j t is to Provide means r mating parts, one stationary, the other movable. app yi a certain intermediate total o ce and The movable part is brought into engagement then .a G y increased total force h t with the stationary. part, is held in such engagereatly in s t unit pressure The force ment during injection of the aforementioned maeq d or bringing a movable meld P o esterials and setting thereof, andv is moved away sembled relation with the remainder Of the mold from the stationary part for removal of the set is normally much less t the force q ed or mass from the mold. When such materials are holding the mold in assembled relation. Thus injected into a mold under a high pressure, there means of the type specified above finds use in a is a high pressure set up tending to force the mold for material injected under pressure. The movable mold part away from the stationary part. great increase in the total force without great Thus the apparatus controlling the movable mold increase in unit force is accomplished by. shiftpart should be capable of moving the movable ing'from a small area receiving the force to a part into place, holding the movable part in place large area. t at o c a moving away t vable A further. object is the provision of improved p The Present invention relates to an 4 valve means and valve control means for use with Deretus r in these h n and. al h h the a force-applying system involving the use of fluid apparatus is illustrated as employed with a mold under pressure, for materials of the above type injected under A ther object is the provision of a plurality @5511" and is of Special advantage with this type of pistons in a fluid-pressure arrangement for ap- Of mold, it is to be understood that it y be plying force. When, as in the case of the injecapplied to other types of molds and also t0 any tion of materials into a mold at high pressure, firmngement m which a movable Part is shifted a certain part must be moved into place and then tionv v a'plurality of pistons. The pistons are employed An object of the present invention is to provide cooperatively with one another so that the fluidmeans for Shiftmg part to pasmon pressurearra'ngement can easily control the asand holding it with force in that position. 40 sembly and holding of the parts A further object is to provide improvement in Still another object is to provide fluid-pressure means for controlling mold parts. Mold parts f i r m] t 1 d that receive material setting under changes in meal? or mov ng par y o p ace an ing "great force to hold the part in place. As temperature and/or pressure and injected into the mold under pressure require considerable holding applied to a mold for material Injected under force Moreover at least one mold part is pressure, this permits a rapid movement of the mally movable and so must be brought i t movable mold part to assembled relation and the sembled relation with the rest of the mold. All application t0 the mm M sufiicient force to hold t may be accomplished by fiu1d-pre ure means it together. Thus the total time required for a according to the present invention, molding operation including removal of a molded Therefore, another object is the provision of object and insertion of new material is not great. meansfor bringing a movable mold 'part to as- A further object in this same connection is to sembled relation with a stationary mold part and make the change from quick movement of the. holding the mold parts in assembled relation durpart into place to application of great A holding ing injection of material into the mold. force automatically carried out. This is accom- A still further object is to provide means for moving the movable mold part away from assembled relation with the remainder oi the mold after injection of material into the mold and settin Fig. 1 is a side elevational view partially in section, of an apparatus employing the novel control means of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view through the novel control means;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 8-3 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is a' sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

The reference character l9 designates an apparatus for setting materials hardenable under changes in temperature and/or pressure. These materials may be metals, plastics of the thermoplastic or thermosetting type, or vulcanizable materials such as rubber. Briefly, this apparatus comprises a. feeder II for materials, a section I2 housing a feed screw device not shown, and heating coils I3. Below the portion of the apparatus at which the heating coils I3 are located are a control valve I4 and an injection nozzle l5. Injection nozzle I5 engages a mold I6 comprising a movable mold part I! and a stationary mold part I8. Stationary mold part I8 is carried in a bed I9. The apparatus described including the feeder II and feed screw I2 is driven by an electric motor 28. Various elements are carried by frame work 2| pivoted at 22 on the bed l9. A hydraulic cylinder 23, a piston 24 and a connecting rod 25 are provided for raising the apparatus about the pivot 22. Valve I4 is under control-of a piston, not shown, mounted within a cylinder 26. Electrical contact elements 21 and 28 are connected respectively to the injection nozzle I5 and to the mold I6. Heat may be supplied to the mold I6 if desired.

Operation of the above apparatus is briefly as follows: Material received from the feeder II is fed through the section I2 by the feed screw and through the section mounting the heating coils I3 to the injection nozzle IS. The heating coils I3 will have heated the material sufliciently so that it may be injected by the nozzle IS in plastic condition into the mold I6. The apparatus feeds material under pressure into the mold l6 until finally the nozzle I5 is raised from the mold l6.

At this time the contact element 28 moves away from the contact element 21 and through means. not shown, discontinues operation of the motor and actuates the hydraulic cylinder 28 and contained piston to close the valve I4 to prevent the further feeding of material. The cylinder 23 and piston 24 may be operated atter a suitable curing period to raise the entire apparatus about the pivot 22.

With reference to Fig. 2, a housing 29 has secured to it a flange 38 by screws 3|. Housing 29 and flange 38 define a chamber 32 of relatively large area. Formed beyond an end 33 of the chamber 32 is aphamber 34 of small area and small depth. A passage 35 extends through the housing 29 from the chamber 34 and carries at its outer end in threaded engagement a fitting 36 to which is connected a conduit 31. The end of the housing 29 has a bore 38 therein provided at its inner end with a valve seat 89, and a small passage 49 extending from the valve seat 39. A valve member 4| is seated on the valve seat 39 in the position shown in Fig. 2 and is held in this position by a coil spring 42 positioned in the bore 38 and retained therein by a fltting 4 43 threaded into the bore 38. The fitting 43 has a valve seat 44 against which valve 4| may seat. To the fltting 43 is connected another-fitting 45 connected in turn to a conduit 46. A passage 41 extends, diagonally from the bore 38 to the end 33 of the chamber 32.

Mounted within the housing 28 in the chamber 32 is a piston 41 comprising essentially a flange portion 48 and an elongated cylindrical portion 49 and having a chamber 59 therein. The flange portion 48 of the piston 41' is cut away at 58 and provided at this point with packing members 5| which seal the flange portion 48 against the cylindrical wall of the chamber-32. The packing elements H are retained and held under pressure by a ring 52, springs 53, and a retaining member 54 secured to the flange portion 48 by screws 55. The flange portion 48 of the piston 41' has a right hand face 56 as viewed in Fig. 2, provided at its outer portions with a surface 58 set back very slightly and at a central portion with a surface 51 set back appreciably. Intermediate these portions 56' and 51 there is provided a seal 58 retained by a ring 59 secured to the flange portion 48 by screws 68. As shown in Fig. 2, the seal 58 is adapted to engage the inner portion of the end 33 of the chamber 32 in sealing relation. Springs 6|, of which only one is shown, act between the flange 38 and the flange portion 48 of the piston 41"- to urge the piston 41 to the extreme right position of Fig. 2. Each spring GI is seated at one end in a recess 62 in the flange portion 48 and at the other end in a recess 63 in the flange 39. Members 64, of which only one is shown, guide the piston 81 because they are fitted in openings 85 in the flange 38, of which only one is shown. Each member 64 has a threaded end 66 engaging a threaded opening 61 in the flange portion 48 of the piston 4F and a lock nut 68 serves to prevent unscrewing of each member 64 from the flange portion 48.

Mounted in the recess 50 in the piston 4'1 is a piston 69 having a rod member 18 of large diameter integral with the piston 69 extending therefrom to the left as viewed in Fig. 2, and outwardly of the portion 49 of the piston 41'. The right end of the piston 69 is cut back to form a shoulder 1| and packing elements 12 adjacent the shoulder seal the right end of the piston 69 in the chamber 58 and are compressed for proper sealing by a part 13 and a retaining ring 14 secured to the piston 69 by screws 15, of which only one is shown. The left end of the piston 69 is sealed in the chamber 59 by packing elements 16 pressed into sealing relationship with the chamber 58 by a part 11 and a retaining ring 18 secured to the piston 69 by screws 19, of which only one is shown. To the end of the portion 49 of the piston 41 is secured a ring member 88 by screws 8|. The member carries packing elements 82, which seal the rod 19 and are compressed into sealing relationship with the rod 18 by a part 1I and a retaining ring 12 secured to the member 80 by screws 83.

The right end of the piston 41 has a passage 84, the left end of which is enlarged and car-'- ries a valve seat 85. A valve 86 extends in the passage 84 and is adapted to have a head portion 81 seat against the valve seat 85. At the right end of the valve 86 is pivotally connected at 88 one end of a lever 89 pivotally mounted between its ends at 9| on a fulcrum member 98 mounted in a recess 92 in the end of the piston 41'. The other end of the lever 89 is pivotally connected at-93 to a pressure responsive member 94 mounted in a recess 98 in the end of the piston 41. The members 9| and 94 are retained in their respective openings 92 and 88 in the piston 41 by means of a strip 98 secured to the piston 41 by bolts 91. A spring 88 fitting within' a recess 99 in the fulcrum member 90 acts against the bottom of the recess 92 to urge the member 90 to the right against the plate 98, as viewed in Fig. 2. Similarly a spring I00 fitted .withln arecess IOI in the pressure responsive member 94 and in a shallow recess I02in the end of the recess 95 urges the pressure responsive member 94 to the right against the strip 96. A passage I03 in the piston 41 extends from the end of the recess 95 to the side of the portion 49 and a fitting I04 is secured at that point in threaded engagement. A conduit I05 connects the fitting I04 and a fitting I08 in threaded engagement with another passage I01 in the portion 48 of the piston 41 leading to a passage I08 extending from the outside of the portion 49 to the chamber 50 within the piston 41*. A pipe section I09 is threaded into one end of the conduit I08 and also into one outlet 0 of a fourway valve III. The valve III has three other outlets H2, H3 and H4 to which are respectivelyconnected by threaded engagement a conduit II5 leading from a source of pressure such as a pump, a conduit II6 serving as an exhaust, and the conduit 31. Elongated stay-bolts II1 secured by nuts I'I8 hold in spaced relation and secure the housing 29 to the bed l9. The end of the enlarged rod 10 opposite that to which the piston 89 is secured, carries a recess II9 into which a reduced portion I on the movable mold part I1 fits.

For operation of the novel means of the presthe piston 41 between the shoulder H and the right end of the chamber 50. The fluid under pressure so admitted acts against the right end of the piston 89 to move it to the left, as viewed in Fig. 2. The movable mold part I1 is also moved to the left, as viewed in Fig. 1, and into assembled relation with .the stationary mold part I8, as shown in Fig. 1. Continued movement of the piston 89 to the left is now stopped by arrival.

of the movable mold part I1 at the stationary mold part I8. The pressure in the chamber 80 to the right of the piston 69, the passage 84, and the small chamber 34 in the housing 29 now increases. When this pressure reaches a certain point, for example, 100 lbs. per square inch, it is sufficient to cause the pressure responsive member 94 to move to the left, as viewed in Fig. 2, against the action of the spring I00 arranged to resist compression up to this point.

When the pressure responsive member 94 moves to the left it acts through the lever 89 to move the valve 86 to the right and the head 81 into engagement with the valve seat 85. The seating of the valve head 81 against the valve seat 08 looks fiuid under pressure within the chamber to the right of the piston 89. A continued increase of .pressure in the chamber 34 to a point, for example 125 lbs, causes the valve H to be raised from the valve seat 39 and to move into engagement with the seat 44 in the fitting 43. Thus the fluid under pressure passes through the opening 38 and the passage 41 to the .outer portion 88 of the end surface 56. A continued increase in pressure causes the piston 41"- to move somewhat to the left, as viewed in Fig. 2, compressing the springs 8I which have resisted compression up to this point. This acts by virtue of compression of the fluid under pressure to the right of the piston 89 within the chamber 50 to exert a very great force upon the piston 89, the

rod 10, and the movable mold part I1. Thus the movable mold I1 is very firmly held against the stationary mold part I8. Now the molding operation is begun and thermoplastic or thermosetting material fed through the molding apparatus and by the injection valve I5 under pressure into the mold IS. The pressure of injection is very great and the force applied to the movable mold part-I1 to hold it against the stationary mold part I8 must consequently .be very great. When the mold I8 has been completely filled and the material injected therein has set satisfactorily, the four-way valve III is rotated so that conduit 31 is connected to exhaust line H6 and pressure line H5 is connected to conduit section I09. Thus pressure is released against the flange portion 48 of the piston 41*. Fluid under pressure is then supplied through the passage I08 into the portion of the chamber 50 within the piston 41 to the left of the piston 69 and the piston 69 is urged to the right toward the position of Fig. 2.

At the same time fluid under pressure passes from the passage I08, through the passage I01, the fitting I06, the conduit I05, the fitting I04,

the passage I03 and into the recess IOI in the pressure responsive member 94, causing it to move to the right. vThis movement of the pressure responsive member 94 to the right acts through the lever 89 to move the valve 88 to the left and to raise the valve head 81 from the valve seat 85. Thus fluid in the chamber 50 to the right of the piston 69 may escape through the passage 84 into the chamber 34 and thence through the passage 35, the fitting 36, the conduit 31, and the valve III into the exhaust line IIS. After the movable mold part I1 has been moved out of contact with the stationary mold' part I8 the molded article is removed from the mold I8 and a new molding operation is ready to begin.

As the piston 41 moves back to the position of Fig. 2 under the action of the springs 6| upon release of the fiuid pressure against the end of the piston 41* any excess fiuid and air that may be entrapped between the end 33 of the chamber 32 and the portion 58 of the piston flange 48' passes out through the passage 41, the fittings 43 and 45, and the conduit 46, since the valve 4| has moved out of engagement with the seat 44 and back into engagement with the seat 39.

Fig. 4 shows a bronze support shoe -I2I fitted into a groove I22 in the bottom side of the piston flange portion 48 and serves as a bearing support for the piston against the cylindrical wall of the chamber 32 during movement of the piston.

Several significant items concerning the invention will now be mentioned. The fluid under pressure employed is oil which normally entraps an appreciable amount of air. Thus when the fluid under pressure or oil is locked within the piston 41' in the chamber 50 to the right of the piston 89, it is compressible in volume by virtue of the entrapped air to a greater extent than .pure oil would be. Thus the piston 41 may actually move to the left and compress the volume at the a matter of fact, the compression of volume may be quite appreciable and be so great as to allow a rather appreciable movement of the piston 4I to the left. This in turn allows a rather appreciable volume for fluid under pressure between the end of the chamber 33 and the outer portion 56 of the flange portion 48 of the piston 41. This rather appreciable volume raises the volume requirement of the pumping apparatus supplying the fluid under pressure. For reducing this volume as much as possible, the fulcrum member 9| and its associated spring 98 have been provided. They function as follows: When the pressure responsive member 94 has moved to the bottom of the recess 95 upon raising of the pressure of the fluid in the chamber 34 to the predetermined elevated pressure, for example 100 lbs., and has caused the valve head 81 to become seated against the valve seat 85, the head 81 is increased in the chamber'34 beyond the 100 lbs.

required for movement of the pressure responsive member 94 to the left, leakage is occurring and the pressure of the fluid trapped in the chamber 58 to the right of the piston 69 is greater because of the raising of this fluid to a higher pressure.

since the movement of the piston 48 is reduced,

the volume of fluid between the end 330i the chamber 32 in the housing 29 and the outer portion 56 of the piston 41 is reduced and likewise the total required capacity of the pumping apparatus supplying the fluid under pressure.

The valve 88 finally closes when the pressure rises sufliciently above 100 lbs. to cause the pressure-responsive member 94 to move to the left far enough to insure closing of the valve 88 in spite of movement to the left of the yieldably mounted fulcrum 98.

It might appear that if an insuflicient compression of the oil and its entrapped air in the chamber 58 to the right of the piston 69 is obtained at a mere 100 lbs. pressure at which point the pressure responsive member 94 is caused to move to the left seating the valve head 81 upon the seat 85, the seating of the valve head 81 should be made to occur at a, higher pressure. However, it is desirable to have an appreciable difference between the pressure at which the pressure responsive member 94 causes the closing Of the valve head 81 and the pressure at which the raising of the valve 4| from the seat 39 causes admission of the fluid under pressure to the outer portion 58 of the piston flange 48. If these pressures were too nearly equal, the fluid under pressure might reach/ the outer portion 58 before the valve 88 was closed and thus there would be too great a movement of the piston 41 to the left with the consequent requirement for too great a capacity of pumping apparatus due to increase of space for fluid under pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to have the apparatus work in such a. way that the valve 88 is practically closed and permitting leakage for greater compression at a certain pressure and the valve 4| is opened at a considerably greater pressure for admission of fluid to the total area of the end 8 86 of the piston flange 48. This is accomplished through the use of a movable fulcrum member 88, movable against the action of the spring 98.

A very significant feature of the invention is that during the early stages of admitting fluid under pressure into the chamber 34 and the chamber 58 to the right of the piston and after. seating or partially seating of the valve head 81 on the seat 85 due to movement of the pressure responsive member 94 to the left and before raising of the valve 4| from the seat 39, the fluid under pressure is acting only against the small area portion 51 of the end 56 of the flange portion 48 of the piston 41*. Since the action is only against this portion of small area the total force exerted against the Piston 4! is relatively small for a given unit pressure. Thereafter the fluid under pressure passes through the recess 38 and the passage 41 to the outer portion 56 of the flange portion 48 of the piston 41' and thus acts not only against the relatively small area of the portion 51 but also against the rather large area of the portion 58 The total area now acted upon by fluid under pressure is very appreciably increased and the total force is very greatly increased for not a nearly so great increase in unit pressure. Thus the final pressure appfied against the movable mold part 11 to hold it against the stationary mold part I8 is very high without there being a corresponding increase in unit pressure applied to the fluid under pressure. Thus the capacity of the pumping apparatus need not be so great.

Since there is a definite and decisive change in the total force applied, there is a moment before this time when the force required is insufflcient to compress springs 6 l, and there is another moment after this time where there is suflicient force to compress these springs. Thus the effective force for compressing the springs is applied decisively, and there is no tendency for the springs to compress and the piston 41" to move before the valve 88 is closed.

The invention has been illustrated as applied to a mold for receiving materials setting under changes in temperature and/or pressure, injected under pressure, for because of the injection under pressure great force is required to hold the parts of the mold together. Nevertheless, it is to be understood that this use is merely illustrative, and the invention may have other uses.

Although but one specific embodiment of the invention is herein shown and described, it will be understood that various changes may be made without a departure from the spirit of the invention. The intention is to limit the invention only within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A device for shifting a part to a certain positlon and for holding with force the part in the said certain position, said device comprising a housing, an outer piston 'shiitable to and away from a certain position with respect to the housing, the housing and outer piston being so formed as to contain a space between them for fluid under pressure and to cause a relatively small area of the outer piston to be accessible to the fluid under pressure in the said certain position of the outer piston and a relatively large area to be accessible to the fluid under pressure in other than the said certain position of the outer piston, an inner piston shiftable within the outer piston, a passage through the outer piston for admitting fluid under pressure between the pistons, means for admitting fluid under pressure between the through the outer piston to lock fluid between the pistons, a valve positioned at the inner end of the passage in the outer piston and being resiliently urged to an open position into the outer piston, a lever connected at one end to the valve and pivoted at a mid point on theouter piston, and a member mounted in the outer piston and resiliently urged toward the space between the housing and the outer piston and being accessible to the space so as to be moved under a predetermined elevated fluid pressure in the space between the housing and the outer piston due to arrival of the part at its certain position and thereby to act through the lever to close the valve, and means for thereafter causing fluid under pressure to act against the relatively large area of the outer piston and shift the same for applying pressure through compression of the fluid between the pistons against the inner piston to maintain the part in its certain position.

2. A device for shifting a part to a certain position and for holding with force the part in the said certain position, said device comprising a housing, a piston shiftable to and away from a certain position with respect to the housing, the housing and piston being so formed as to contain a space between them for fluid under pressure and to cause a relatively small area of the piston to be accessible to the fluid under pressure in the said certain position of the piston and a relatively large area to be accessible to the fluid under pressure in other than the said certain position of the piston, a passage through the piston for fluid under pressure, means for admitting fluid under pressure between the housing and the piston with the piston in its said certain position and through the passage in the .piston to move the part to its certain position,

means for thereafter closing the passage through the piston to lock fluid between the piston and the part, a valve positioned at the inner end of the passage in the piston and being resiliently urged to an open position into the piston, a lever connected at one end to the valve and pivoted at a mid point on the piston, and a member mounted in the piston and resiliently urged toward the space between the housing and the piston and being accessible to the space so as to be moved under a predetermined elevated fluid pressure in the space between the housing and the piston due to arrival of the part at its certain position and thereby to act through the lever to close the valve, and means for thereafter causing fluid under pressure to act against the relatively large area of the piston and shift the same for applying pressure through compression of the fluid between the piston and the part to maintain the part in its certain position.

3. A deviee for shifting a part to a certain position and for holding with force the part in the said certain position, said device comprising a housing, a first piston shiftable to and away from a certain position with respect to the housing, the housing and first piston being so formed as to contain a space between them for fluid under pressure and to cause a relatively small area of the first piston to be accessible to the fluid under pressure in the said certain position of the first piston and a relatively large area to be than the said certain position of the first piston,

a second piston shii'table with respect to the first piston, a passage through the. first piston for fluid under pressure between the pistons, means for admitting fluid under pressure between the housing and the first piston with the first piston in its said certain position and through the passage in the first piston and between the pistons for shifting the second piston to move the part to its certain position, means for thereafter closing the passage through the first piston to lock fluid between the pistons, a valve positioned at the inner end of the passage in the first piston and being resiliently urged to an open position into the first piston, a lever connected at one end to the valve and pivoted at a mid point on the first piston, and a member mounted in the first piston and resiliently urged toward the space between the housing and the first piston and being accessible tothe space so as to be moved under a predetermined elevated fluid pressure in the space between the housing and the first piston due to arrival of the part at its certain position and thereby to act through the lever to close the valve, and means for thereafter causing fluid under pressure to act against the relatively large area of the first piston and shift the same for applying pressure through compression 'of the fluid between the pistons to maintain the part in its certain position.

4. A device for shifting a part to a certain position and for holding with force the part in the said certain position, said device comprising a housing having a first chamber of relatively large area extending from one end, a second chamber of relatively small area extending from the first chamber and a passage leading from the second chamber to the end of the first chamber, an outer piston shiftable within the first chamber to and away from a position of contact of one end with the end of the first chamber,the end of the outer piston being in the position of contact with the end of the first chamber exposed only the amount of the small area of the second chamber and in a position removed from contact exposed over its entire area, the outer piston having a chamber extending from the other end toward the one end and a passage extending through the one end, an inner piston shiftable within the chamber in the outer piston and connected with the part, means for forcing fluid under pressure into the second chamber against only the small area of the outer piston, through the passage in the outer piston, and into the chamber in the outer piston against one end of the inner piston to shift the inner piston to move the part to its certain position, a valve positioned at the passage in the outer piston and being normally open, means responsive to a predetermined elevated pressure due to arrival of the part at its certain position for closing the aforesaid valve to lock fluid in the chamber in the outer piston, said means comprising a lever pivotally mounted between its ends on the end of the outer piston and connected at one end with the valve and a pressure-responsive member mounted in the end of the outer piston and connected with the other end of the lever, a valve positioned at the passage leading from the second chamber in the housing and the first chamber therein and being normally closed, and means responsive to a greater predetermined elevated pressure for opening the last mentioned valve to supply fluid under pressure through the last mentioned passage to the portion of the end of the outer piston contacting the end of the first chamber and to shift the outer piston for applying pressure through compression of the fluid locked in the chamber of the outer piston to maintain the part in its certain position.

5. The device specified in claim 4 and further comprising means for supplying pressure fluid to the other end of the inner pist n and to the pressure-responsive member to shift the inner piston for moving the part from its certain position and to move the pressure-responsive member and thereby to open the valve at the passage in the outer piston for allowing fluid to pass out of the chamber in the outer piston.

6. A device for shifting a part to a certain position and for holding with force the part in the said certain position, said device comprising a housing having a first chamber of relatively large area extending from one end, a second chamber of relatively small area extending from the first chamber and a passage leading from the second chamber to the end of the first chamber, a first piston shiftable within the first chamber to and away from a position of contact of one end with the end of the first chamber, the end of the first piston being in the position of contact with the end of the first chamber exposed only the amount of the'small area of the second chamber and in a position removed from contact exposed over its entire area, the first piston having a.through passage, a second piston positioned on the side of the first piston away from the chambers and shiftable with respect to the first piston and connected with the part, means for forcing fluid under pressure into the second chamber against only the small area of the first piston, through the passage in the first piston, and into the first piston against one end of the second piston to shift the second piston to move the part to its certain position, a valve positioned at the passage in the first piston and being normally open, means responsive to a predetermined elevated pressure due to arrival of the part at its certain position for closing the aforesaid valve to lock fluid between the pistons, said means comprising a lever pivotally mounted between its ends on the end of the first piston and connected at one end with the valve and a pressure-responsive member mounted in the end of the first piston and connected with the other end of the lever, a valve positioned at the passage leading from the second chamber in the housing and the first chamber therein and being normally closed, and means responsive to a greater predetermined elevated pressure for opening the last mentioned valve to supply fluid under pressure through the last mentioned passage to the portion of the end of the first piston contacting the end of the first chamber and to shift the first piston for applying pressure through compression of the fluid' locked between the pistons to maintain the part in its certain position.

7. The device specified in claim 6 and further comprising means for supplying pressure fluid to the other end of the second piston and to the pressure-responsive member to shift the second piston for moving the part from its certain position and to move the pressure-responsive member and thereby to open the valve at the passage in the first piston for allowing fluid to pass out from between the pistons.

8. A device for shifting a part to a certain position and for holding with force the part in the 12 said certain position, said device comprising a housing having a first chamber of relatively large area extending from one end, a second chamber of relatively small area extending from the first chamber and a passage leading from the second chamber to the end of the first chamber, a piston shiftable within the first chamber to and away from a position of contact of one end with the end of the first chamber, the end of the piston being in the position of contact with the end of the first chamber exposed only the amount of the small area of the second chamber and in a position removed from contact exposed over its entire area, the piston having a through passage, means for forcing fluid under pressure into the second chamber against only the small area of the piston and through the passage in the piston to move the part to its certain position, a valve positioned at the passage in the piston and being normally open, means responsive to a predetermined elevated pressure due to arrival of the part at its certain position for closing the aforesaid valve to lock fluid between the piston and the part, said last mentioned means comprising a lever pivotally mounted between its ends on the end of the piston and connectedat one end with the valve and a pressure-responsive member mounted in the end of the piston and connected with the other end of the lever, a valve positioned at the passage leading from the second chamber in the housing and the first chamber therein and being normally closed, and means responsive to,a greater predetermined elevated pressure for opening the last mentioned valve to supply fiuid under pressure through the last mentioned passage to the portion of the end of the piston contacting the end of the first chamber and to shift the piston for applying pressure through compression of the fluid locked between the piston and the part to maintain the part in its certain position.

9. The device specified in claim 8 and further comprising means for supplying fiuid under pressure to the pressure-responsive member to shift the part from its certain position and to move the pressure-responsive member and thereby open the valve at the passage in the piston for allowing fluid to escape from between the piston and the part.

10. A device for shifting a part to a certain position and for holding with force the part in the said certain position, said device comprising a housing, a piston mounted within the housing and having a through passage, means for supplying fluid under pressure to the housing and through the passage in the piston to act against the said part and moving the part to its certain position, a valve positioned at the passage in the piston, a pressure-responsive member mounted in the end of the piston, means connecting the valve and the pressure-responsive member for causing movement of the pressure-responsive member due to a predetermined elevated pressure of the fluid in the housing due to arrival of the part at its certain position to close the valve and thereby to lock fluid between the piston and the part, means for thereafter causing a still greater pressure of the fluid to shift the piston for applying pressure to maintain the part in its predetermined position, and means for thereafter supplying fluid under pressure to the pressure-responsive member to move the pressure-responsive member and thereby open the valve at the passage in the piston for allowing fluid to escape through the passage in the piston.

11. The device specified in claim 10, the means connecting the pressure-responsive member and the valve at the passage in the piston comprising a lever pivoted between its ends on th piston and having its ends connected to the valve and the pressure -responsive member.

12. The device specified in claim 10, the means connecting the pressure-responsive member and the valve at the passage in the piston comprising a lever pivoted between its ends on the piston and having its ends connected to the valve and the pressure-responsive member, the pivot of the lever on the piston being shiftable against resilient means away from a position normally determining with the pressure-responsive member closed position of the valve and thereby permitting slight movement of the [valve from its closed position for leakage of fluid through the passage in the passage in the piston.

13. A device for shifting a part to a certain position and for holding with force the part in the said certain position, said device comprising a housing, a first piston mounted within the housing and having a through passage, a second piston positioned between the part and the first piston, means for supplying fluid under pressure to the housing and through the passage in the first piston to act against the said one end'of the second piston for shifting the same and moving the part to its certain position, a valve positioned at the passage in the first piston, a pressure-responsive member mounted in the end of the first piston, means connecting the valve and the pressure-responsive member for causing movement of the pressure-responsive member due to a predetermined elevated pressure of the fluid in the housing due to arrival of the part at its certain position to close the valve and thereby to lock fluid between the pistons, means for thereafter causing a still greater pressure of the fluid to shift the first piston for applying pressure to the said one end of the second piston through compression of the fluid locked between the pistons to maintain the part in its predetermined position, and means for thereafter supplying fluid under pressure to the other end of the first piston and second piston for moving the part from the cer-' tain position to move the pressure-responsive member and thereby open the valve at the passage in the first piston for allowing fluid to escape through the passage to the first piston.

14. The device specified in claim 13, the means connecting the pressure-responsive member and the valve at the passage in the 'first piston comprising a lever pivoted between its ends on the first piston and having its ends connected to the valve and the pressure-responsive member.

15. The device specified in claim 13, the means connecting the pressure-responsive member and the valve at the passage in the first piston comprising a lever pivoted between its ends on the first piston and having its ends connected to the valve and the pressure-responsive member, the pivot of the lever on the first piston being shiftable against resilient means away from a position normally determining with the pressure-responsive member closed position of the valve and thereby permitting slight movement of the valve from its closed position for leakage of fluid through the passage in the passage in the first piston.

WALTER P. COUSINO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,845,232 Brandenburg Feb. 16, 1932 1,865,105 Houplain June 28, 1932 1,970,999 Ferris Aug. 21, 1934 2,251,293 Schwartz Aug. 5, 1941 2,268,026 Ernst et a1. Dec. 30, 1941 2,272,360 Swift Feb. 10, 1942 2,273,713 Lawyer Feb. 17, 1942 2,282,556 Bowen May 12, 1942 2,284,228 Page May 26, 1942 2,335,917 Cuthber-t Dec. 7, 1943 2,381,930 Schnell Aug. 14, 1945 

